7 Federal Support for Treaty Rights Programs Thereisalonghistoryoffederalfundingfortreatyrightsprotectionandimplementation programs. For more than thirty years, Congress and each Administration have appropriated funding for these programs. That funding has been delivered via contracts with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) pursuant to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (Pub. L. 93-638). BIA support has leveraged significant funding from other important programs, such as the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, US Fish & Wildlife Service invasive species initiatives, US Health & Human Services-Administration for Native Americans Social and Economic Development grants, and US Department of Justice COPS grants. The federal government, as a treaty signatory, is required to uphold treaty rights. As such, it would be compelled to perform the services necessary to comply with federal court orders if the Tribes and their designated intertribal treaty commissions did not have the capacity to do so, including the protection and restoration of natural resources on which those rights are based. Authorizations In addition to the treaties themselves, federal authorizations for treaty programs include: • Court Decisions Affirming the Treaties, including: Lac Courte Oreilles v. Voigt (LCO I), 700 F. 2d 341 (7th Cir. 1983), cert. denied 464 U.S. 805 (1983); Lac Courte Oreilles v. State of Wisconsin (LCO X), 775 F.Supp. 321 (W.D. Wis. 1991); Fond du Lac v. Carlson, Case No. 5-92-159 (D. Minn. March 18, 1996) (unpublished opinion); Minnesota v. Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians, 119 S.Ct. 1187 (1999); United States v. State of Michigan, 471 F. Supp. 192 (W.D. Mich. 1979); United States v. State of Michigan, 520 F. Supp. 207 (W.D. Mich. 1981); People of the State of Michigan v. Jondreau, 384 Mich. 539, 185 N.W. 2d 375 (Mich. 1971); State of Wisconsin v. Gurnoe, 53 Wis. 2d 390, 192 N.W. 2d 892 (Wis. 1972). • Snyder Act, 25 U.S.C. s. 13. • Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, (P.L. 93-638), 25 U.S.C. ss. 450f and 450h. • WaterInfrastructureImprovementsfortheNationAct,Pub.L.114-322(authorizes the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative).